Boeng, Ajo Boeng

When Indonesia was proclaimed in 1945, many painters participated. Train carriages and walls were inscribed with phrases like "Freedom or death!" These words were taken from the closing of Bung Karno's speech on June 1, 1945, "The Birth of Pancasila." Affandi was tasked with creating a poster based on Sukarno's idea, featuring a chained figure breaking free, modeled after painter Dullah. Poet Chairil Anwar (1922-1949) suggested the phrase "Bung, ayo bung!" which became iconic. It was widely reproduced and distributed nationwide.